What does "foreshadowing" refer to in literature?

Foreshadowing is a literary device that serves to give hints or clues about events that will occur later in a narrative. This technique creates anticipation in the reader and can help build tension, as they may be looking for these hints to understand how the plot will unfold. It is effectively used to prepare the audience for future developments, making the eventual outcomes more impactful or cohesive within the story's arc.

In contrast, the other options represent different literary concepts. The conclusion of a story relates to resolution rather than foreshadowing, which is primarily about providing hints. Offering character backstories pertains to exposition, helping to explain motivations and personality traits but not foreshadowing future events. Lastly, defining a character's role focuses on characterization, which involves developing a character's traits and responsibilities within the story, distinct from the anticipatory nature of foreshadowing.